1
Remove city workers
Take all meeples from city buildings and place them beside your city map for reuse in Phase 2
2
Keep countryside workers
Meeples on countryside buildings remain in place until their resources are depleted
3
Play secretly
Place a screen around your city so other players cannot see your actions
4
Choose action order freely
Building and staffing can be done in any order during this phase
5
Staff buildings
Place one meeple on any building to activate it; buildings without meeples do not function for the round
6
Buildings needing no staff
Cathedral, Brewery, Fountain, and Granary function without meeples; Houses and Graves cannot receive meeples
7
Build structures
Pay required resources shown on player aid to construct any building and place it on your city map
8
Build most buildings once
Each player may only build one of most building types, except Storage, Cart Shop, Fountain, and Houses
9
Limited building supply
Cart Shops (20), Fountains (32), and Storage (32) have limited quantities available to all players
10
Pay variable house costs
Houses cost different amounts shown on the Housing Cost chart; first 4 are free, then require food and luxury goods
11
Gain new workers
When building a house, immediately gain one meeple to use this turn
12
Build Storage any size
Pay 1 wood to build Storage of any rectangular size using 2-space blocks (1x2, 2x2, 1x4, etc.); cannot expand later
13
Build Cathedral and choose saint
When building a Cathedral, immediately select a patron saint and mark it on the Patron Saint chart
14
San Nicolo housing bonus
Build 2 houses for the cost of 1, paying only for the more expensive house
15
Faculty of Philosophy
Ignore the "different types" requirement when paying for buildings
16
Faculty of Theology
May destroy your Cathedral (except if Santa Maria is chosen or graves are on it) to rebuild and choose a different saint
17
Hospital
Staff to remove 5 graves from your city
18
Market trading
Staff to trade with other players or the bank (pay 2 resources for any 1)
19
University connection
University connects adjacent faculties into one building requiring only 1 meeple
20
Fountain effect
Reduces famine level by 1 when built (minimum 0) and reduces pollution by 1 each turn
21
Santa Barbara ability
May rearrange buildings within your city during this phase; can move graves to empty spaces but not onto buildings
22
Calculate order value
Count total meeples on your Cart Shops plus Explorer
23
Determine new order
Player with lowest total goes first; ties maintain previous relative order
24
Update turn track
Mark new order on the turn order track
25
Follow play order
Take actions in the order determined in Phase 3
26
Choose action order freely
Build inns, cities, and other buildings in any order you prefer
27
Use Cart Shops
Each staffed Cart Shop allows building one countryside structure
28
Build within controlled area
Controlled area extends 2 hexes from cities and inns, excluding water (unless you have a staffed Harbour)
29
Harbour expansion
Staffed Harbour adds adjacent connected water hexes and their coastal hexes to controlled area
30
Stable expansion
Staffed Stable extends controlled area to 3 hexes from cities and inns
31
Inn connectivity
Inns provide controlled area even if not connected to your city
32
Build Woodcutter
Pay 1 wood, place grass marker with wood on a forest hex, then place grass markers with wood on all adjacent uncontaminated forest hexes; staffed with Cart Shop meeple
33
Build Farm
Pay 1 seed resource (olive/grain/wine/sheep), place pollution marker with matching resource on chosen grass hex, then extend to all adjacent uncontaminated grass hexes
34
Faculty of Biology
Build one farm without paying the seed resource
35
Build Mine
Pay 1 wood, build on mountain hex; first mine in a mountain range chooses stone or gold, all subsequent mines in that range must produce the same
36
Build Fisherman
Pay 1 wood, requires 2 hexes each adjacent to uncontaminated water; choose to produce fish, dye, or pearls on adjacent water hexes
37
Brewery enables Inns
If you have a Brewery, may build Inns by paying 1 food; Inns immediately expand controlled area
38
Build new cities
Pay 1 food, 1 wood, 1 stone, and 2 different luxury goods; city must be entirely on land, not adjacent to other cities, with at least 1 hex in controlled area
39
New city benefits
Receive additional 6x6 city map, immediately use new controlled area, but suffer higher pollution rate
40
Cannot build on resources
New buildings cannot be placed on hexes with resources or meeples (except pollution-only hexes)
41
Build over exploration markers
May build on exploration markers; remove them unseen
42
Faculty of Alchemy
Staff to purify one contaminated hex and all adjacent contaminated hexes; removes pollution markers but grass markers remain
43
Check remaining resources
Determine if you have resources from previous turns
44
Store in Storage
Staffed Storage holds 1 resource per space
45
San Cristofori/Santa Maria storage
May store unlimited resources in Cathedral without staffing
46
Discard excess
Resources that cannot be stored must be discarded
47
Collect from countryside buildings
Each staffed production building yields 1 resource from an adjacent hex; place in Harvest box
48
Harvest order
Collect from surrounding hexes in any order, but take the hex under the meeple last
49
Return depleted workers
When no resources remain, return the meeple to your Harvest box
50
Remove empty fishermen
Empty Fisherman buildings are removed and become available again
51
Forced Labour effect
If staffed, take 3 resources from each production building; discard the first, keep 2 (or discard 1 keep 1, or just discard 1)
52
San Giorgio fish bonus
Receive 1 fish for each Cathedral built by any player this turn (including your own)
53
Follow play order
This phase requires strict play order
54
Explorer action
If you have a staffed Explorer, reveal 1 exploration counter in your controlled area
55
Collect resource
Take 1 of the shown resource and discard the counter
56
Famine increase
If the counter shows food, increase famine level by 1
57
Calculate graves
Receive graves equal to current famine level
58
Food reduces graves
Each food you possess reduces graves by 1 (food is not discarded)
59
Granary effect
Reduces graves by 3 (no staffing required)
60
Place graves on empty spaces
Graves must be placed on empty city spaces first
61
Place graves on buildings
If no empty spaces, place on buildings (max 1 grave per building space); buildings with graves stop functioning
62
Cannot place on houses
Graves may never be placed on houses
63
Lose if no grave space
If you cannot place all required graves, you are eliminated
64
Increase famine level
After resolving famine, increase the famine level by 1
65
Generate pollution
Each city you own generates 3 pollution markers
66
Place in controlled area
Place pollution on uncontaminated, unoccupied hexes in your controlled area
67
Water pollution
Water can only be polluted if you have a staffed Harbour
68
Dump protection
If you have a staffed Dump, other players cannot place pollution in your controlled area
69
Reduce pollution
Each Fountain reduces pollution by 1; staffed Dump reduces by 4
70
Excess becomes graves
Pollution that cannot be placed becomes graves in your city
